![]() The atmospheric conditions have been significantly altered from the original conditions by the presence of life-forms, which create an ecological balance that stabilizes the surface conditions. Convective motion in the core generates electric currents through dynamo action, and these, in turn, generate the geomagnetic field. This iron core is composed of a solid inner phase, and a fluid outer phase. The interior remains active, with a thick layer of plastic mantle and an iron-filled core that generates a magnetic field. The outer surface is divided into several gradually migrating tectonic plates. The remainder consists of continents and islands, with most of the inhabited land in the Northern Hemisphere.Įarth has evolved through geological and biological processes that have left traces of the original conditions. 71 percent of the Earth's surface is covered by salt-water oceans. Precipitation varies widely with location, from several metres of water per year to less than a millimetre. ![]() Its most prominent climatic features are its two large polar regions, two relatively narrow temperate zones, and a wide equatorial tropical to subtropical region. Within the Solar System, it is third closest to the Sun it is the largest terrestrial planet and the fifth largest overall. The Blue Marble, which is a famous view of the Earth, taken in 1972 by the crew of Apollo 17Įarth is the only planet known to support life, and its natural features are the subject of many fields of scientific research. Depending on the particular context, the term "natural" might also be distinguished from the unnatural or the supernatural. This more traditional concept of natural things that can still be found today implies a distinction between the natural and the artificial, with the artificial being understood as that which has been brought into being by a human consciousness or a human mind. For example, manufactured objects and human interaction generally are not considered part of nature, unless qualified as, for example, "human nature" or "the whole of nature". It is often taken to mean the " natural environment" or wilderness-wild animals, rocks, forest, and in general those things that have not been substantially altered by human intervention, or which persist despite human intervention. Nature can refer to the general realm of living plants and animals, and in some cases to the processes associated with inanimate objects-the way that particular types of things exist and change of their own accord, such as the weather and geology of the Earth. Within the various uses of the word today, "nature" often refers to geology and wildlife. However, a vitalist vision of nature, closer to the pre-Socratic one, got reborn at the same time, especially after Charles Darwin. With the Industrial revolution, nature increasingly became seen as the part of reality deprived from intentional intervention: it was hence considered as sacred by some traditions ( Rousseau, American transcendentalism) or a mere decorum for divine providence or human history ( Hegel, Marx). The concept of nature as a whole, the physical universe, is one of several expansions of the original notion it began with certain core applications of the word φύσις by pre-Socratic philosophers (though this word had a dynamic dimension then, especially for Heraclitus), and has steadily gained currency ever since.ĭuring the advent of modern scientific method in the last several centuries, nature became the passive reality, organized and moved by divine laws. ![]() In ancient philosophy, natura is mostly used as the Latin translation of the Greek word physis (φύσις), which originally related to the intrinsic characteristics of plants, animals, and other features of the world to develop of their own accord. The word nature is borrowed from the Old French nature and is derived from the Latin word natura, or "essential qualities, innate disposition", and in ancient times, literally meant " birth". Although humans are part of nature, human activity is often understood as a separate category from other natural phenomena. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. "Nature" can refer to the phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physical world or universe.
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Many downloads like Arturia Spark 2.2.0 may also include a crack, serial number, unlock code or keygen (key generator). ![]() ![]() This study is a rare exception, because it analyses the difference between the two.Īnd it makes rational sense. A lot of professional discourse lumps training and development together. A particularly interesting 2017 study of IT employees found that career development boosts employee engagement more than training initiatives alone. It can feel like putting in all the discretionary effort in the world won't get you noticed.Īt that point, there isn't much to stop a formerly ambitious employee from becoming disengaged. It can be tough when it doesn't seem like your career is going anywhere. In fact, a study by Harvard Business Review and Quantum Workplace shows that over 80% of business leaders strongly agree that highly engaged employees perform better with greater productivity. But that's only because it's so important in becoming a highly-productive, highly-successful organisation. We do go on a lot about the benefits of employee engagement here at Weekly10. The impacts of slow career progression on employees So don't make the mistake of assuming that someone has no desire to advance. But in general, most of your staff are likely keen to progress. This can't be ignored, as it poses a real threat to the financial wellbeing of a lot of people. Of course, not every employee is looking to get promoted. They are also seeing a comparative reduction in salary salaries than they would have seen in the past. Taken together, these issues mean that many employees are starting at lower wages than they would have in previous generations. IFS also point to concerns about how the career prospects of young people will be affected by the uncertain economic fallout of COVID-19. Then there's the fact that an ageing workforce means opportunities to reach higher levels of seniority are few and far-between. Since the 1980s, the rate of career progression for men has declined. Decade on decade, both male and female employees are starting lower down the "wage ladder" than in previous generations. This suggests that rates of career progression may be falling over time. We want to bring to your attention findings published by the Institute for Fiscal Studies. They can affect everything from wellbeing and employee engagement to productivity and turnover. So, in some professions, it's becoming much more difficult for people to advance along their chosen career paths. But the impacts of slow career progression are big. To make matters worse, employers often choose to hire externally rather than promoting from within. But the rates of career progression seem to have declined. 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![]() Of the infections that do occur only about 5% are fatal, and many cause no symptoms at all. spiralis infection, also called trichinosis or trichinellosis, is not very common anymore, but it can make you sick, with a range of symptoms from stomach pain to problems with coordination or breathing. spiralis, it makes sense to cook that pork until it’s well done. Cooking kills these worms, though, so if there’s a chance your pork is infected with T. ![]() spiralis infects most meat-eating animals, including us humans it just happens to be more common in pigs because of the way domestic pigs are fed (you can feed them anything, including garbage). People worry about undercooked pork because of a parasitic worm called Trichinella spiralis. This belief is based on some fun science that is especially dear to my parasitologist heart (in the lab, I study these guys). I don’t know if it was the recipe or our technique, but the chops were chewy and dry.īut, hey, dry pork chops are almost the rule, right? Melissa is evidence that some people don’t even know they can be tender and moist, and maybe you’ve heard that pork needs to be cooked well done. While I was moderately successful in not getting injured, I was much less successful in not ruining dinner. On the injury front, I did burn my fingers moving a hot roasting pan in the sink but (for once) didn’t end up with any blisters. Our attempt at making dinner had mixed results. I was hoping for some juicy pork chops like my dad used to make. I am a huge fan of Smitten Kitchen, pork chops, cider, and horseradish (not so much dill, but oh well), so this sounded good. So I was excited last weekend when my boyfriend and I decided to try a recipe for Pork Chops with Cider, Horseradish, and Dill from The Smitten Kitchen Cookbook, by Deb Perelman. She was shocked by my dad’s dinner: “Wait, they aren’t always dry?” While she loved to hear Peter Brady talk about them, pork chops were her least favorite meal. When I was twelve or thirteen, my best friend, Melissa, came over for a pork chop dinner. My dad is a great cook, and he used to make pork chops for dinner a lot. I am spoiled when it comes to pork chops. Remove ginger from the sauce and top chops with generous portions of warm golden apple sauce.By Monica Mugnier Porkchops with Cider, Horseradish, and Dill. Deglaze the pan with a splash of apple juice and 2 tablespoons of butter. Remove chops from heat and let them rest a couple of minutes for juice to redistribute. Brown and caramelize the chops 2 minutes on each side, then reduce heat to medium and cook another 5 to 6 minutes, turning occasionally, until juices run clear. Season the opposite side of the chops with salt and pepper. Using a pair of tongs, add chops to hot skillet seasoned side down. Season chops on 1 side with salt and pepper. Heat a large nonstick skillet over medium high heat. Once apples are soft and sauce forms, remove it from the heat. If sauce begins to spatter as it bubbles, reduce heat back a little, but it should be allowed to reduce and form quickly. Combine first 8 ingredients in a medium pot placed over medium high heat and cook until a chunky sauce forms, 10 to 12 minutes, stirring occasionally. ![]() This list is used to predict how elements will react with each other in chemical reactions. ![]() The quicker the limewater becomes milky, the greater the rate of decomposition of the carbonate (meaning the carbonate is less stable). What is the reactivity series in GCSE Chemistry The reactivity series is a list of elements ordered from the most reactive to the least reactive. The stability of the metal carbonates can be measured by heating the carbonate and bubbling the carbon dioxide given off through limewater. The higher up the series a metal is, the more reactive the metal is and so the more stable the metal carbonate is. The stability of the metal carbonates can be related to the reactivity series of metals. GCSE CHEMISTRY - Revision Questions - The Reactivity Series of Metals - Reaction of Metals with Air, Water and Dilute Acid - Metal Displacement Reactions - Oxidation and Reduction - GCSE SCIENCE. However, copper is a very unreactive metal, which is why it is useful for making water pipes, and so copper(II) carbonate is quite unstable and decomposes at a relatively low temperature. This means that sodium carbonate is very stable and requires a high temperature to decompose. A simple form of it is shown here: sodium. If we take the two examples above, sodium is a very reactive metal. The reactivity series shows the list of metals starting with the most reactive at the top and the least reactive at the bottom. The difficulty of this decomposition reaction depends on the reactivity of the metal in the metal carbonate. Sodium carbonate → sodium oxide + carbon dioxideĬopper(II) carbonate → copper(II) oxide + carbon dioxide periodic trends in properties of the elements, reactivity of elements. When metal carbonates are heated, they break down to form the metal oxide and carbon dioxide gas. From quite simple experiments, metals can be arranged in order of their reactivity in what we call a reactivity series. O Level Chemistry Notes PDF (IGCSE/GCSE Textbook): Class Notes Chapter 1-14 to. We can therefore confirm their order of reactivity (from most reactive to least) as: potassium, magnesium then zinc.One common reaction of any metal carbonates is known as thermal decomposition. We’d expect the potassium to react explosively (in reality you would never do this in a school laboratory as it is too dangerous), while the magnesium would bubble vigorously and the zinc would form bubbles very slowly. If you are struggling to remember the reactivity series, this song (warning its quite catchy) might help you Reactivity Series song. Let’s say we carry out the experiment described above by adding potassium, magnesium and zinc into test tubes containing dilute sulfuric acid. Introduction into using the reactivity series and making predictions for chemical reactions. A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from solution. about organic chemistry by unifying principles of reactivity that. Which metal is more reactive than calcium answer choices magnesium potassium silver aluminum Question 3 120 seconds Q. Watch this video to show you how to work out the reactivity Series of the metals. The series consists of 12 books spread across Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics for. The faster the bubbles are given off, the faster the rate of reaction and the more reactive the metal. Which of the following is MOST reactive answer choices Magnesium Lead Tin Copper Zinc Question 2 120 seconds Q. The bubbles are hydrogen gas and can be confirmed using a lit splint, which will produce a ‘squeaky pop’ when the hydrogen burns. Sodium is higher up in the reactivity series. An example of a battery is sodium and sulphur. It is important that each metal has the same surface area because this will affect the rate of reaction.Ĭount the number of bubbles produced in a given time. In all cells the flow of electrons result from chemical reactions. Add equal volumes of dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid into a series of test tubes then add a equal mass of metal to each test tube. ![]() Venezuelan latte variation prepared with 50% coffee and 50% milk (claro) or 70% coffee and 30% milk (oscuro).Ĭup of milk with just a few drops of coffee.īlack coffee with a small amount of milk. Short, highly concentrated, sugar-free espresso.īlack coffee, lighter or watered down than “negrito”. It is a “café cortado” with an amount of condensed milk.Ĭup of milk with a small amount of coffee, not more than a drop.Ĭup of hot coffee with an alcoholic beverage usually brandy, rum, or “aguardiente”.Ĭup of coffee with a small amount of milk, not more than a drop. Other types of coffee are trendy in some Latin American countries. It is made from 4 basic ingredients: 1 cup of espresso coffee, sugar, ice cream, and a lemon peel. Served ice cold, it is considered refreshing and very easy to prepare. It is the midpoint between a coffee and a dessert. The ideal balance is 50% for each ingredient.īlanco y Negro: A typical summer coffee usually consumed after lunch or as an afternoon snack. ![]() Moca – Mocha: This is a variant of “café con leche”, prepared with milk, chocolate powder or chocolate syrup. The amount of milk can vary according to the person’s taste.Ĭapuchino – Cappuccino: Also an espresso-based coffee, with steamed milk and topped with a layer of milk foam and chocolate powder. Ideally, it is served in a large cup, mixing 50% black coffee and milk. For this reason, it is much milder than any other black coffee.Ĭafé con leche – Latte, Coffee with milk: This is perhaps the most popular and well-known coffee in Latin America. It has much less milk, smaller than a regular latte.Ĭafé Americano – Long espresso, Caff è Americano: This is an espresso made with a lot more hot water to make a bigger drink. A café solo is typically very strong, so be prepared.Ĭortado: Cortado is an espresso or black coffee over which a splash of milk is poured. In this section you’ll learn the most common styles of coffee in Spanish.Ĭafé solo – Espresso: This is a strong coffee shot, taken with no milk. What is called a certain way in your country may be completely opposite in another, or it may not even exist.ĭon’t worry, we’ve got you covered whether you want it black, with milk, iced, or even with alcohol. Still, if you are not sure how to order a coffee in a different country or place, it can be difficult. Moreover, this drink is something we can order anywhere globally. We all can use a kick of caffeine in the mornings and even in the evening. Most people are big coffee fans, and we get it. If you’re hungry and want to know how to order in Spanish, we recommend this post on ordering in restaurants. – Tráeme un café con leche grande, por favor.
![]() Shopping Guides: MUA's Favorite Products.Violations of rules will result in your post being removed. Moderators reserve the right to make decisions deemed to be in the best interest of the subreddit. You may post images that are not yours for inspiration purposes, but they must follow the rest of the rules about photos and you must provide the source and clearly mark that you are not the creator. All Haul posts must include swatches and/ or a mini review of at least 3 products. No referral links, surveys, giveaways, or seeking to buy or sell!Įxcept during Friday Faves, remove products from packaging and open the product itself before posting. Limited linking in comments is acceptable. No self-promotion of Youtube/social media/blogs/your business in your post title. Request exemption in modmail prior to posting if needed.Īll fake blood/injuries must be marked NSFW. List must be placed as a top-level comment. Product lists must include shade names if they exist. All makeup looks and collections must include a detailed product list in a top-level comment which includes every product used in the visible area, including even invisible products like primer and setting sprays. "Selfie Angles" are strongly discouraged. Images where the makeup cannot be seen well or the quality is too low for constructive criticism will be removed. Photo Quality and Composition: All photos must showcase the makeup clearly and be properly cropped. "No Makeup Makeup" looks or other looks where the makeup is too subtle to see easily must have a before and after shot so users can see the difference the makeup makes. Read our photo guidelines before you post! This includes any photo alterations such as beauty filters, portrait modes, sharpening, contrast alteration, artificial bokeh, text overlays, and all but the most minor color corrections. Content implying requests for sympathy may also be removed. Post titles, descriptions, and comments must also not be self-deprecating, self-disparaging, or otherwise unkind in tone. Constructive criticism is strongly encouraged, but it is not allowed on some types of posts. No harassment or name calling, bigotry, or self-deprecation. How to Give/Receive Constructive CriticismĬlick the links within each rule for more info!īe kind and supportive, including to yourself. ![]()
"If you're going to categorize them within a set of objective signs and subjective symptoms, they fall very squarely, and I would say rather neatly, within that definable set of characteristics."Īt the request of the State Department, the National Academies of Sciences compiled a report last December. "I think what's important to understand, and this is an important term, is a constellation of effects, which is a generalized pattern of effects," he said. Clearly, these individuals were getting hit with something which would have put them in the line of fire," said Giordano.Īs more cases are reported, he says he's seeing strong similarities. James Giordano, a professor of neurology at Georgetown University, was asked by the State Department to start looking into the initial cases from Havana. 2 official at the time, wrote in a 1978 memo.ĭr. "This would seem an appropriate opportunity to reiterate at a high level, our standing demand that microwave signals directed at Embassy be shut off forthwith," Jack Matlock, the embassy's No. Memos from the CIA, the State Department and presidential advisers routinely refer to this practice, especially in the 1970s and '80s. One of the longest-running Soviet operations, dating to the 1960s, was beaming microwaves at the embassy in an effort to collect intelligence. The Soviets installed monitoring devices that picked up most every keystroke for years. ambassadors before it was uncovered seven years later.Īnd in the 1970s, the Soviets intercepted IBM electric typewriters in transit from the U.S. That seal contained a listening device that eavesdropped on countless conversations of U.S. Embassy - like the intricate, hand-carved wooden seal of the United States that Soviet schoolchildren presented as a gift to the American ambassador in 1945. What has been firmly established is Moscow's long history of surveilling the U.S. As part of the process, the NSA sent Beck a short but striking letter in 2014. Gubete, who died several years later, had a family history of Parkinson's, but Beck didn't.īeck came to believe that his illness was caused while on that trip, and he filed a workers' compensation claim with the NSA. At almost exactly the same time, his colleague from that trip, Chuck Gubete, received the very same diagnosis. He was suspicious of the cause, but the symptoms went away.Ī full decade later, Beck was diagnosed with early onset Parkinson's disease at age 46. I was a bowl of jelly and couldn't get moving," said Beck. After being detained at the airport for about an hour, they were allowed to go, but they knew they were being closely watched.Ī few days into the assignment, Beck woke up at his hotel feeling terrible. ![]() In 1996, Michael Beck and a colleague at the National Security Agency were sent to a "hostile country" on a brief assignment. Embassy in an attempt to collect intelligence. said the Soviet Union beamed microwave signals at the U.S. From the 1960s through the 1980s, the U.S. Russian demonstrators hold anti-American posters outside the U.S. social anxiety, OCD, PTSD, panic disorders, agoraphobia, claustrophobia, tropophobia, algophobia, anthropophobia, atelophobia, atychiphobia, autophobia, etc.) Narrative and visual representations of different types of anxiety and phobias (e.g. Representations of anxiety as (de-)normalization (Visual) narratology, voice, and anxiety ![]() Contemporary representations of the Uncanny (unheimlich) Exactly because labor is one of the main instruments to realize visions of a good, fulfilled life, representations of themes like risk, unemployment, social regression, precarization, etc., are particularly well-suited to explore the affective ecologies of the present.Ĭonsidering the kaleidoscopic manifestations of anxiety in history and its pertinence to our present time, this call for abstract inquires: How do literature and visual culture position anxiety in relation to work and affect? How can anxiety unfold or occlude a specific discourse of precarity? In which way can texts and images become the conduit of mitigating or exacerbating anxiety? What types and figures of anxiety are mediated and with what narratives, rhetoric, and metaphorical means? What forms of (waning) agency and solidarity are connected with the imaginary of anxiety? To what extent can new media technologies conduce, repress, or even transfigure everyday anxieties?Īmongst many possible approaches towards anxiety and precarity in literary studies and visual culture, article proposals may focus on, but are not limited to: It is no coincidence that recent volumes on representations of precarity (Korte & Regard 2014 Hogg & Simonsen 2021 Rys & Philipsen 2021) highlight affect and anxiety as leitmotifs. Next to existentialism, anxiety has also become an integral thread in recent phenomenological approaches to a life worth living (Wills 2008 Trigg 2017 Bergo 2021).ĭue to the entanglement of economic developments and affective ecologies, anxiety has become a recurrent theme in theoretical descriptions as well as in cultural representations of precarious work, too. ![]() In addition to its entanglement with labor and affect, anxiety has been a driving force for a myriad of extensional writers, such as Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Sartre, Camus, and Dostoevsky, for whom anxiety would be a kind of “neuroexistentialist” mode of being (Caruso & Flanagan 2018). It is against this background that Guy Standing (2011), for instance, sees anxiety as fundamental to the precariat’s state of being, while public intellectuals and writers like Ilija Trojanow (2017) identify continuous “Angst” as a dominant affect in present-day economies. Accordingly, anxiety is intrinsically related to the narratives that shape our understanding of why a vision of the good life is at risk, as it is often induced by the actual risk or the imagined threat of losing a (relatively) stable status. It is no coincidence that anxiety, as a heightened state of insecurity and being-alarmed, has been on the rise, because radical transformations of the welfare state and the labor market have made those normative visions of a good life increasingly unattainable, producing a state of “cruel optimism” (Berlant, 2011). ![]() Often linked with the concept of “disorder”, anxieties are mostly mentioned in a context that frames personal and socio-economic behavioral patterns in terms of pathology, normality, and abnormality, which implicitly refer to normative views of what constitutes a “good life”. Ranging from general anxiety, PTSD, OCD, and phobias to the simple sentiment of being out of sort, anxieties operate as harbingers of imminent disruptions. To be anxious is to be on edge, not only psychologically, but also ontologically and existentially or to use Heidegger’s terms, it is to be in a state of “groundless floating” (1996). As the pandemic has made it palpable, anxieties can turn into pervasive affects with detrimental effects on the psychological well-being of the individual. |
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